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| Birth | | 10mm | | 2years | | 3mm | | 3years | | 2mm | | 30years | | Closed |
| Wormian bones close by 6 months | | Metopic suture (dividing frontal bone is usually closed by 2 years, but may persist as a normal variant) |
| Metabolic | | Rickets, Hypercalcaemia (and Hypervitaminosis D), Hyperthyroidism | | Haematological | | Sickle Cell, Thalassaemia | | Dysplasia | | Hypophosphatasia, Achondroplasia, Hurlers | | Syndromes | | Apert, Crouzon (similar to Apert no syndactyly), Carpenter, Crouzon | | Microcephaly | | Atrophy or Dysgenesis | | Post-Shunting | | |
| Neurological | | Haemangioblastomas commonly in the cerebellum (40%) | | Ocular | | Retinal angiomas (45%) | | Renal | | Cysts (75%), Multiple cystic neoplasms (at least 20%), haemangiomas | | Adrenal | | Familial phaeochromocytoma (15%), extradrenal paragangliomas | | Pancreas | | Cysts (75%) Cystadenoma/cystadenocarcinoma, cystic islet cell tumours, haemangioblastoma | | Epididymis | | Cystadenoma (characteristic lesion) | | Liver | | Less common involvement with cysts, haemangiomas or adenomas (often coincidental and unrelated) |
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| Normal 4 chamber MR. Arrow demonstrates the anotomical site of the membranous portion of the interventricular septum which allows a Gerbode defect to cause LV to RA shunting. Note the more apically located tricuspid valve compared to the more basally positioned mitral valve. |  |
| Lesion | Characteristic Feature | | ______ | ____________________ |
Astrocytoma
(including Giant Cell variant) | Foramen of Munro | | Colloid Cysts | Foramen of Munro/3rd Ventricle | | Central Neurocytoma | Septum pellucidum attachment | | Choroid Plexus Papilloma | Body/Temp Horn | | Meningioma | Trigone | | Metastases | Trigone, Choroid Plexus | | Ependymoma | 4th Ventricle | | Subependymoma | 4th Ventricle | | Epidermoid/Dermoids | Fat containing |
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| Drugs | Steroids (particularly if treating SLE), +/- immunosuppressive therapy (look for a transplant kidney) | | Connective tissue Disorders | SLE, hypercoagulable states (protein S,C deficiencies), Polycythaemia Rubra Vera, rarely RA | | Alcoholism | Hard to identify the independent contribution-lots of people drink! | | Post-traumatic | Neck of femur fracture | | Haemoglobinopathies | Sickle Cell, Thalassaemia | | Pancreatitis | | | Caissons disease | | | Gauchers | Look for Erlen-Meyer flask deformity | | Amyloid | |
(So my catchy mneumonic would be DCAPHPCGA –almost looks like a gene sequence)
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